Valid and relevant models are critical for research to have biological relevance or to proceed
in the right path. As well-established two-dimensional cell cultures lack niches and cues and …

The microvasculature is integral to nearly every tissue in the body, providing not only
perfusion to and from the tissue, but also homing sites for immune cells, cellular niches for …

The importance of the epididymis on sperm maturation and consequently male fertility has
been well documented. The pseudostratified epithelium of the epididymis is comprised of …

The timely establishment of functional neo-vasculature is pivotal for successful tissue
development and regeneration, remaining a central challenge in tissue engineering. In this …

Developing a three-dimensional (3D) in vitro tumor model with vasculature systems suitable
for testing endovascular interventional therapies remains a challenge. Here we develop an …

Vascularized organoid-on-a-chip (VOoC) models achieve substance exchange in deep
layers of organoids and provide a more physiologically relevant system in vitro. Common …

Recent advances in organoid technology have revolutionized cancer biology and
therapeutic interventions, offering personalized immunotherapy treatment. Organoids, three …

Organ formation initiates once cells become committed to one of the three embryonic germ
layers. In the early stages of embryogenesis, different gene transcription networks regulate …

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic condition that results from the destruction of insulin-producing β-
cells in the pancreas. Current treatments for type 1 diabetes, such as insulin therapy and …

Patients who suffer from differentiated thyroid cancer are treated by surgical resection
followed by radioactive iodine therapy to destroy potentially remaining malignant cells. As a …