The immune system and cancer have a complex relationship with the immune system
playing a dual role in tumor development. The effector cells of the immune system can …

Integrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix
adhesion. Although all integrins can undergo activation (affinity change for ligands), the …

Abstract Ras-related protein 1 (Rap1) is a major convergence point of the platelet-signaling
pathways that result in talin-1 binding to the integrin β cytoplasmic domain and consequent …

The ubiquitously expressed small GTPase Ras-related protein 1B (RAP1B) acts as a
molecular switch that regulates cell signaling, cytoskeletal remodeling, and cell trafficking …

Targeting Talin1 to the plasma membrane is a crucial step in integrin activation, which in
leukocytes is mediated by a Rap1/RIAM/Talin1 pathway, whereas in platelets, it is RIAM …

Background Glucocorticoids are widely known for their immunomodulatory action. Their
synthetic analogs are used to treat several autoimmune diseases, including immune …

Rap1 GTPases bind effectors, such as RIAM, to enable talin1 to induce integrin activation. In
addition, Rap1 binds directly to the talin1 F0 domain (F0); however, this interaction makes a …

Recruitment and tethering of talin to the plasma membrane initiate the process of integrin
activation. Multiple factors including the Rap1 proteins, RIAM (also known as APBB1IP) and …

Are the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and JAK-STAT-driven proliferation pathways
'parallel'or 'redundant'? And what about those of K-Ras4B versus N-Ras?'Parallel' …

Background Thromboelastography (TEG) is used for real-time determination of hemostatic
status in patients with acute risk of bleeding. Thrombin is thought to drive clotting in TEG …