Plants, like other eukaryotes, rely on proteolysis to control the abundance of key regulatory
proteins and enzymes. Strikingly, genome-wide studies have revealed that the ubiquitin-26S …

Ubiquitination regulates nearly all cellular processes by coordinated activity of ubiquitin
writers (E1, E2, and E3 enzymes), erasers (deubiquitinating enzymes) and readers (proteins …

Despite the diverse biological pathways known to be regulated by ubiquitylation, global
identification of substrates that are targeted for ubiquitylation has remained a challenge. To …

In animals, P-bodies or GW-bodies appear to cause the congregation of proteins involved in
microRNA (miRNA)-mediated post-transcriptional silencing. The localization of P-bodies …

More than 300 different types of protein post‐translational modifications (PTMs) have been
described, many of which are known to have pivotal roles in cellular physiology and …

Mitochondria are pivotal organelles in eukaryotic cells. The complex proteome of
mitochondria comprises proteins that are encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial genomes …

Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles produced naturally by many cell types. They are
specifically loaded with nucleic acid cargo, dependent on the exosome-producing cell and …

Background The nucleolus is a subnuclear organelle in which rRNAs are transcribed,
processed, and assembled with ribosomal proteins into ribosome subunits. Mass …

Tandem affinity strategies reach exceptional protein purification grades and have
considerably improved the outcome of mass spectrometry-based proteomic experiments …

Before becoming the native proteins during the biosynthesis, their polypeptide chains
created by ribosome's translating mRNA will undergo a series of “product‐forming” steps …