The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide, and the mortality
rate continues to be unacceptably high. The biomarkers currently used in clinical practice …

Vitamin D is a hormone involved in many physiological processes. Its active form, 1, 25 (OH)
2D3, modulates serum calcium–phosphate homeostasis and skeletal homeostasis. A …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has been the leading cause of chronic kidney disease for
over 20 years. Yet, over these two decades, the clinical approach to this condition has not …

The pathogenic mechanism of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is involved in various
functions; however, its inadequate characterisation limits the availability of effective …

Purpose The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR)
have been extensively studied in a variety of diseases. However, research on their …

Aims/hypothesis Chronic low-grade inflammation with local upregulation of proinflammatory
molecules plays a role in the progression of obesity-related renal injury. Reduced serum …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the most common cause of kidney failure, is a frequent
complication of diabetes and obesity, and yet to date, treatments to halt its progression are …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in older individuals is a matter of growing concern in the field
of public health across the globe. Indeed, prevalence of kidney function impairment …

Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes with an important role in the innate immune
response. Canonical activation of inflammasomes results in caspase-1 activation and …

Mitochondrial dysfunction is an important mechanism contributing to the development and
progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels in blood …