Selection is a central process in nature. Although our understanding of the strength and form
of selection has increased, a general understanding of the temporal dynamics of selection in …

Natural selection is the process that results in adaptive evolution, but it is not the cause of
evolution. The cause of natural selection and, therefore, of adaptive evolution, is any …

In recent years, scientists have realized that evolution can occur on timescales much shorter
than the" long lapse of ages" emphasized by Darwin—in fact, evolutionary change is …

The scientific study of networks-computer, social, and biological-has received an enormous
amount of interest in recent years. However, the network approach has been applied to the …

Marine ecosystems are suffering severe depletion of apex predators worldwide [1–4]; shark
declines are principally due to conservative life-histories and fisheries overexploitation [5–8] …

Most insects have a complex life cycle with ecologically different larval and adult stages. We
present an ontogenetic perspective to analyze and summarize the complex life cycle of …

Empirical studies of sexual traits continue to generate conflicting results, leading to a
growing awareness that the current understanding of this topic is limited. Here we argue that …

Sexual selection has resulted in some of the most captivating features of insects, including
flashy colors, bizarre structures, and complex pheromones. These features evolve in …

Local adaptation, adaptive population divergence and speciation are often expected to
result from populations evolving in response to spatial variation in selection. Yet, we lack a …

The social environment is a critical determinant of fitness and, in many taxa, is shaped by an
individual's behavioral discrimination among social contexts, suggesting that animals can …