Background Thyroid hormones are critical for early neurocognitive development as well as
growth and development throughout childhood. Prompt recognition and treatment of …

Hashimoto autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is the most common cause of acquired
hypothyroidism in the pediatric population. Development of AIT is mediated mainly by …

The association between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and metabolic syndrome (MetS)
has been widely discussed. This study aimed to conduct an update and comprehensive …

Aim Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as elevated thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH)
levels with the normal concentrations of thyroxine (T4) or free thyroxine (fT4), and its clinical …

Objective: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is defined as an elevated serum thyroid-
stimulating hormone (TSH) level with free thyroxine (fT4) level in the normal range. There …

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) represents a mild or compensated form of primary
hypothyroidism. The diagnosis of SCH is controversial, as its symptoms are non-specific and …

Biomarkers are incorporated ubiquitously into clini-cal practice as surrogate endpoints of
physiologic and pathologic processes that cannot be measured directly. For example, a lipid …

Congenial hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common congenital endocrine disease and is
treatable when recognized early enough. We investigated the genetic variants in 12 children …

Secondary dyslipidemia with predominant hypertriglyceridemia may occur as a
consequence of both common and rare causes. After accounting for obesity and associated …

Introduction The prevalence of obesity and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among children
and adolescents is rising. Thyroid function has been associated with insulin resistance …