The ability of cells to deal with different types of stressful situations in a precise and
coordinated manner is key for survival and involves various signalling networks. Over the …

Following cancer, cells in a particular tissue can no longer respond to the factors involved in
controlling cell survival, differentiation, proliferation, and death. In recent years, it has been …

Gastric cancer (GC) ranks fifth in global cancer diagnosis and fourth in cancer-related death.
Despite tremendous progress in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies and significant …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by systemic synovitis leading to joint destruction
in which imbalances in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines promote the …

Multiple dysregulated signaling pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer. The
conventional therapies used in cancer prevention/treatment suffer from low efficacy …

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. In many cases, the treatment of the disease is
limited due to the metastasis of cells to distant locations of the body through the blood and …

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family is an important bridge in the
transduction of extracellular and intracellular signals in different responses at the cellular …

Inflammation is a natural host defense mechanism that protects the body from pathogenic
microorganisms. A growing body of research suggests that inflammation is a key factor in …

Mitochondria are multifunctional cellular organelles that are major producers of reactive
oxygen species (ROS) in eukaryotes; to maintain the redox balance, they are supplemented …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to differentiate into multiple cell types,
including osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages. Osteogenic differentiation of …