The relationship between performance and test-taking effort when measured with self-report or time-based instruments: A meta-analytic review

G Silm, M Pedaste, K Täht - Educational Research Review, 2020 - Elsevier
Test-taking motivation (TTM) has been found to have a profound effect on low-stakes test
results. From the components of TTM test-taking effort has been shown to be the strongest …

A Systematic Review of the Use of Log-based Process Data in Computer-Based Assessments

S He, Y Cui - Computers & Education, 2025 - Elsevier
In recent decades, log-based process data has been increasingly used in computer-based
assessments to examine test-takers' response patterns and latent traits. This study provides …

Identifying patterns of students' performance on simulated inquiry tasks using PISA 2015 log‐file data

N Teig, R Scherer, M Kjærnsli - Journal of Research in Science …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
Previous research has demonstrated the potential of examining log‐file data from computer‐
based assessments to understand student interactions with complex inquiry tasks. Rather …

Bridging models of biometric and psychometric assessment: A three-way joint modeling approach of item responses, response times, and gaze fixation counts

K Man, JR Harring, P Zhan - Applied Psychological …, 2022 - journals.sagepub.com
Recently, joint models of item response data and response times have been proposed to
better assess and understand test takers' learning processes. This article demonstrates how …

The use of process data in large-scale assessments: a literature review

E Anghel, L Khorramdel, M von Davier - Large-scale Assessments in …, 2024 - Springer
As the use of process data in large-scale educational assessments is becoming more
common, it is clear that data on examinees' test-taking behaviors can illuminate their …

Subtask analysis of process data through a predictive model

Z Wang, X Tang, J Liu, Z Ying - British Journal of Mathematical …, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
Response process data collected from human–computer interactive items contain detailed
information about respondents' behavioural patterns and cognitive processes. Such data are …

[HTML][HTML] Using Eye-Tracking Data to Examine Response Processes in Digital Competence Assessment for Validation Purposes

J Bartolomé, P Garaizar, E Loizaga, L Bastida - Applied Sciences, 2025 - mdpi.com
Background: When measuring complex cognitive constructs, it is crucial to correctly design
the evaluation items in order to trigger the intended knowledge and skills. Furthermore …

Assessing Japanese junior high school students' English achievement through computer-based testing in the classroom: a case of integrated reading-into-writing …

N Niimi, N Matsuura - Language Testing in Asia, 2022 - Springer
Introduction This paper describes the exploratory case and initial evaluation of the computer-
based testing (CBT) prototype. The advantage of CBT over paper-based testing (PBT) is that …

What technology can and cannot do to support assessment of non-cognitive skills

VR Simmering, L Ou, M Bolsinova - Frontiers in Psychology, 2019 - frontiersin.org
Advances in technology hold great promise for expanding what assessments may achieve
across domains. We focus on non-cognitive skills as our domain, but lessons can be …

Can adaptive testing improve test-taking experience? A case study on Educational survey assessment

YH Lee, Y Jia - Applied Measurement in Education, 2024 - Taylor & Francis
Test-taking experience is a consequence of the interaction between students and
assessment properties. We define a new notion, rapid-pacing behavior, to reflect two types …