Epidemiological studies established that elevated homocysteine, an important intermediate
in folate, vitamin B12, and one carbon metabolism, is associated with poor health, including …

▪ Abstract Aminoacyl-tRNAs are substrates for translation and are pivotal in determining how
the genetic code is interpreted as amino acids. The function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis is …

Deep sequencing now provides detailed snapshots of ribosome occupancy on mRNAs. We
leverage these data to parameterize a computational model of translation, keeping track of …

A unique transfer RNA (tRNA)/aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase pair has been generated that
expands the number of genetically encoded amino acids in Escherichia coli. When …

Within Escherichia coli and other species, a clear codon bias exists among the 61 amino
acid codons found within the population of mRNA molecules, and the level of cognate tRNA …

A substantial fraction of eukaryotic gene products are synthesized by ribosomes attached at
the cytosolic face of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. These polypeptides enter …

Misfolded proteins are associated with several pathological conditions including
neurodegeneration. Although some of these abnormally folded proteins result from …

Faithful translation of mRNA into the corresponding polypeptide is a complex multistep
process, requiring accurate amino acid selection, transfer RNA (tRNA) charging and mRNA …

A completely randomized RNA pool as well as a degenerate pool comprised of an RNA
sequence which binds citrulline with a dissociation constant of 60 µM were used to select for …

Homocysteine thiolactone is formed in all cell types studied thus far as a result of editing
reactions of some aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Because inadvertent reactions of …