Background Given the exceptional diversity of orchids (26 000+ species), improving
strategies for the conservation of orchids will benefit a vast number of taxa. Furthermore, with …

I present an evolutionary ecology interpretation of vegetative dormancy in mature
herbaceous perennials. This kind of vegetative dormancy has been noted for at least 40 …

Although coevolution is acknowledged to occur in nature, coevolutionary patterns in
symbioses not involving species-to-species relationships are poorly understood. Mycorrhizal …

Distributed throughout the continents, terrestrial orchids are known for their great species
richness and specificity in relation to pollinators and mycorrhizal symbionts. Moreover, a …

Variation in plant species richness has been described using only aboveground vegetation.
The species richness of roots and rhizomes has never been compared with aboveground …

Compared to animals, long‐term, large‐scale demographic studies based on plants are
scarce. A 32‐year plant‐based demographic study of the rare early spider orchid Ophrys …

In woodland herbs, the probability of flowering and costs associated with reproduction may
strongly depend on environmental context (shade vs. light habitats) and on plant size. This …

Some forest plants adapt to shade by mixotrophy, ie, they obtain carbon both from
photosynthesis and from their root mycorrhizal fungi. Fully achlorophyllous species using …

The extraordinary diversity of orchids has captivated scientists for more than a century, yet
their complex spatial patterns at large scales remain poorly resolved. On islands, orchid …

Vegetative dormancy, that is the temporary absence of aboveground growth for≥ 1 year, is
paradoxical, because plants cannot photosynthesise or flower during dormant periods. We …