Ischemic disorders, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease,
are the most common causes of debilitating disease and death in westernized cultures. The …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
Advancing age is a major risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease because of the …

Disorders characterized by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), such as myocardial infarction, stroke,
and peripheral vascular disease, continue to be among the most frequent causes of …

Inevitable byproducts of aerobic metabolism are free radicals and other highly reactive
oxidants and nitrosants that are continuously formed within cells. Most cells generally …

In the cell, the proteasome and lysosomes represent the most important proteolytic
machineries, responsible for the protein degradation in the ubiquitin–proteasome system …

The ubiquitin-proteasome system degrades most intracellular proteins, including misfolded
proteins. Proteasome functional insufficiency (PFI) has been observed in proteinopathies …

Approximately half of older patients with congestive heart failure have normal left ventricular
(LV) systolic but abnormal LV diastolic function. In mammalian hearts, aging is associated …

The current standard of care for acute myocardial infarction or 'heart attack'is timely
restoration of blood flow to the ischemic region of the heart. While reperfusion is essential for …

Proper protein turnover is required for cardiac homeostasis and, accordingly, impaired
proteasomal function appears to contribute to heart disease. Specific proteasomal …

The principal function of the proteasome is targeted degradation of intracellular proteins.
Proteasome dysfunction has been observed in experimental cardiomyopathies and …