This article discusses political state capture in the context of party patronage. Evidence of
this is delivered from state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and the rotations of members of their …

Political economy factors are key to explain why some countries keep expanding their coal
capacity. Yet, comparable cross-country evidence is scant. We consult 123 energy experts …

In countries around the world, politicians distribute patronage jobs to supporters in
exchange for a wide range of political services–such as helping with campaigns and …

Bureaucratic behavior in developing countries remains poorly understood. Why do some
public servants—yet not others—work hard to deliver public services, misuse state …

The politicization of bureaucracy is a widespread strategy to increase the political control of
ministerial departments in parliamentary democracies. It is, however, largely unknown why …

Do civil servants in some countries have higher organizational commitment? Is there any
substantial cross-national variation in the form and degree of commitment? Good …

This article contributes to the study of the politics of patronage appointments by creating a
typology of patronage roles based on the nature of trust between patrons and appointees …

Research on bureaucracy and corruption tends to concentrate on cross‐national research
taking countries as the unit of analysis. Yet national‐level measures neglect large …

The term 'Westminster model', widely used in both the academic and practitioner literatures,
is a familiar one. But detailed examination finds significant confusion about its meaning. This …

Public employment in most developing countries is governed by political patronage.
Patronage provides many incumbents with governability and electoral advantage. What …