WNT/β-catenin signaling is involved in many physiological processes. Its implication in
embryonic development, cell migration, and polarization has been shown. Nevertheless …

The adaptive immune checkpoints such as PD-1 (programmed death-1)/PD-L1
(programmed death-ligand 1) play an important role in cancer immunotherapy, whereas …

Efforts to understand host factors critical for COVID-19 pathogenesis have identified high
mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) to be crucial for regulating susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 …

Brain cancers carry bleak prognoses, with therapeutic advances helping only a minority of
patients over the past decade. The brain tumour microenvironment (TME) is highly …

Tumor cells often overexpress immune checkpoint proteins, including CD47, for immune
evasion. However, whether or how oncogenic activation of receptor tyrosine kinases, which …

Since the discovery of the first mammalian Wnt proto-oncogene in virus-induced mouse
mammary tumors almost four decades ago, Wnt signaling pathway and its involvement in …

Simple Summary A subset of colorectal cancers (CRCs) is characterized by a mismatch
repair deficiency that is frequently associated with microsatellite instability (MSI). The …

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of intracranial
tumors with poor prognosis. In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has been an attractive …

The use of immunotherapy has achieved great advances in the treatment of cancer.
Macrophages play a pivotal role in the immune defense system, serving both as phagocytes …

Mutations in the Krebs cycle enzyme IDH1 (isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP (+)) 1) are
associated with better prognosis in gliomas. Though IDH1 mutant (IDH1R132H) tumors are …