Clock synchronization is a prerequisite for the realization of emerging applications in various
domains such as industrial automation and the intelligent power grid. This paper surveys the …

Transmission smart grids will use a digital platform for the automation of high-voltage
substations. The IEC 61850 series of standards, released in parts over the last ten years …

New substation automation applications, such as sampled value (SV) process buses and
synchrophasors, require a sampling accuracy of 1 μs or better. The Precision Time Protocol …

Abstract The installation of Power Quality (PQ) meters is becoming mandatory in many
countries to face the problems introduced by the increasing number of renewable energy …

Over the past few decades, centralized computing systems have been replaced by
decentralized systems, consisting of simple nodes interconnected by a communication …

During the last decades, the wide advance in the networking technologies has allowed the
development of distributed monitoring and control systems. These systems show …

Power Quality (PQ) measurement is becoming more and more important at distribution level
due to the increasing presence of renewable energy sources with an intermittent generation …

The micro grid is a cluster of electricity generators, energy storage systems, and loads that
can operate connected, as well as disconnected, from the distribution grid. In this paper the …

As the electric power grid is changing to a smarter more dynamically controlled system,
there is increasing need for measurements that show the global status of the system for wide …

Synchronization plays an important role for many functions of the electric power systems.
The PC37. 238 draft standard specifies precise time distribution for power system …