Recent research on the gut microbiome has revealed the influence of gut microbiota (GM)
on ischemic stroke pathogenesis and treatment outcomes. Alterations in the diversity …

The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication network connecting the gastrointestinal
tract and central nervous system. The axis keeps track of gastrointestinal activities and …

Several studies in recent years have demonstrated that gut microbiota–host interactions play
an important role in human health and disease, including inflammatory and cardiovascular …

Recent burgeoning literature unveils the importance of gut microbiota in the neuropathology
of post-stroke brain injury and recovery. Indeed, ingestion of prebiotics/probiotics imparts …

Physical activity, exercise, or physical fitness are being studied as helpful
nonpharmacological therapies to reduce signaling pathways related to inflammation …

Understanding the role of astrocytes in the central nervous system has changed dramatically
over the last decade. The accumulating findings indicate that glial cells are involved not only …

Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two main forms of inflammatory
bowel disease (IBD). Among the various immune cells involved in IBD, neutrophils are the …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease amongst
the middle‑aged and elderly populations. Several studies have confirmed that the microbiota …

The gut microbiome interacts with the brain bidirectionally through the microbiome-gutbrain
axis, which plays a key role in regulating various nervous system pathophysiological …

Cerebral stroke is a common neurological disease and often causes severe neurological
deficits. With high morbidity, mortality, and disability rates, stroke threatens patients' life …