The radiation from stars and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) creates photodissociation regions
(PDRs) and X-ray-dominated regions (XDRs), where the chemistry or heating is dominated …

Compact steep-spectrum (CSS) and peaked-spectrum (PS) radio sources are compact,
powerful radio sources. The multi-frequency observational properties and current theories …

We present the cosmological implications from final measurements of clustering using
galaxies, quasars, and Ly α forests from the completed Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) …

Studies of the geometry and energy content of the Universe, physics of cosmic expansion,
fundamental properties of standard model particles, and growth of structure remain the key …

A stochastic background of gravitational waves could be created by the superposition of a
large number of independent sources. The physical processes occurring at the earliest …

Context. Molecular gas is a necessary fuel for star formation. The CO (1− 0) transition is
often used to deduce the total molecular hydrogen but is challenging to detect in low …

The identification of the main contributors to the locally observed fluxes of cosmic rays is a
prime objective in the resolution of the long-standing enigma of the source of cosmic rays …

Most of the celestial γ rays detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi
Gamma-ray Space Telescope originate from the interstellar medium when energetic cosmic …

CO line emission represents the most accessible and widely used tracer of the molecular
ISM. This renders the translation of observed CO intensity into total H2 gas mass critical to …

We review progress over the past decade in observations of large-scale star formation, with
a focus on the interface between extragalactic and Galactic studies. Methods of measuring …