The jawless fish that were ancestral to all living vertebrates had four spectral cone types that
were probably served by chromatic-opponent retinal circuits. Subsequent evolution of …

Free swimming zebrafish larvae depend mainly on their sense of vision to evade predation
and to catch prey. Hence, there is strong selective pressure on the fast maturation of visual …

Vertebrates rely on rod photoreceptors for vision in low-light conditions. The specialized
downstream circuit for rod signalling, called the primary rod pathway, is well characterized in …

The intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) provide a conduit through
which rods and cones can access brain circuits mediating circadian entrainment, pupillary …

We report three unrelated patients with mutations in the GRM6 gene that normally encodes
the glutamate receptor mGluR6. This neurotransmitter receptor has been shown previously …

The active component of the marijuana plant Cannabis sativa, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC), produces numerous beneficial effects, including analgesia, appetite stimulation and …

Whereas the zebrafish retina has long been an important model system for developmental
and genetic studies, little is known about the responses of the inner retinal neurons. Here we …

Dopaminergic neurons play key roles in the CNS, mediating basic mechanisms of vision,
movement, motivation, and mood. The most accessible dopaminergic neurons of the …

Membrane neurotransmitter transporters control the concentration of their substrate in the
synaptic clefts, through the thermodynamic coupling of uptake to the movement of Na+ and …

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a model organism for vertebrate developmental processes and,
through a variety of mutant and transgenic lines, various diseases and their complications …