Major depressive disorder (MDD) was previously hypothesized to be a disease of
monoamine deficiency in which low levels of monoamines in the synaptic cleft were …

Women are at twice the risk for anxiety and depression disorders as men are, although the
underlying biological factors and mechanisms are largely unknown. In this review, we …

Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic with untapped therapeutic potential. There are hints
that the use of psychedelics can produce neural adaptations, although the extent and …

The emerging therapeutic efficacy of ketamine and classical psychedelics for depression
has inspired tremendous interest in the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. We review …

Ketamine produces immediate antidepressant effects and has inspired research into next-
generation treatments. Ketamine also has short term dissociative effects, in which …

In addition to producing profound subjective effects following acute administration,
psychedelic compounds can induce beneficial behavioral changes relevant to the treatment …

Psychedelic drugs have reemerged as tools to treat several brain disorders. Cultural
attitudes toward them are changing, and scientists are once again investigating the neural …

Psychedelic compounds have displayed antidepressant potential in both humans and
rodents. Despite their promise, psychedelics can induce undesired effects that pose safety …

Glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are implicated in the
pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). GABA levels or GABAergic …

The discovery of ketamine as a rapid-acting antidepressant spurred significant research to
understand its underlying mechanisms of action and to identify other novel compounds that …