General circulation models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6)
are examined with respect to their ability to simulate the mean state and variability of the …

The eastern boundaries of the tropical and subtropical oceans are regions of high biological
productivity that support some of the world's largest fisheries. They also feature extensive …

Upwelling along ocean eastern boundaries is expected to intensify due to coastal wind
strengthening driven by increasing land-sea contrast according to the Bakun hypothesis …

Abstract The double Intertropical Convergence Zone bias remains a persistent problem in
coupled general circulation model simulations. Due to the strong sea surface temperature …

Seasonal forecasts of rainfall are considered the priority timescale by many users in the
tropics. In East Africa, the primary operational seasonal forecast for the region is produced …

The mean structure and variability of the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) have important
implications for upwelling, sea surface temperature (SST), and productivity in the …

Abstract El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a key mode of climate variability with
worldwide climate impacts. Recent studies have highlighted the impact of other tropical …

Across the Congo, there is a wide spread in rainfall in the two wet seasons in Coupled
Model Intercomparison Project 5 global climate models (GCMs). As the Congo is believed to …

The equatorial Atlantic is subject to variability on interannual timescales that involves
coupled air–sea interaction and bears some similarity to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation in …

The Atlantic cold tongue, which typically peaks in boreal summer, exerts a pronounced
regional and global impact on the climate and socio-economy. Projected future changes in …