Antiviral restriction factors are host cellular proteins that constitute a first line of defense
blocking viral replication and propagation. In addition to interfering at critical steps of the …

Human DNA cytosine-to-uracil deaminases catalyze mutations in both pathogen and
cellular genomes. APOBEC3D, APOBEC3F, APOBEC3G, and APOBEC3H restrict human …

Direct‐acting antiviral agents (DAAs) represent a class of drugs targeting viral proteins and
have been demonstrated to be very successful in combating viral infections in clinic …

Highlights•Host restriction factors are part of the innate immune system.•HIV encodes
accessory proteins to control host restriction factors.•Vif degrades APOBEC3G and inhibits …

The APOBEC3 restriction factors are a family of deoxycytidine deaminases that are able to
suppress replication of viruses with a single-stranded DNA intermediate by inducing …

Abstract Human APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-
like 3G, A3G) is a potent restriction factor against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV …

In preclinical and phase I and II clinical studies, 2′-deoxy-2′-β-fluoro-4′-azidocytidine
(FNC) displays a potent and long-lasting inhibition of HIV-1 infection. To investigate its …

Retroviruses have an intricate life cycle. There is much to be learned from studying retrovirus-
host interactions. Among retroviruses, the primate lentiviruses have one of the more complex …

Introduction Indolizines are structural isomers with indoles. Although several indole-based
commercial drugs are available in the market, none of the indolizine-based drugs are …

Viral infections are amongst the most prevalent diseases that pose a significant threat to
human health. Targeting viral proteins or host factors represents two primary strategies for …