Natural hazards have the potential to cause catastrophic damage and significant
socioeconomic loss. The actual damage and loss observed in the recent decades has …

The purpose of this article is to present a structured review of publications utilizing machine
learning methods to aid in engineering risk assessment. A keyword search is performed to …

Deep learning-based time series classification in 6G-supported Intelligent Transportation
Systems (ITS) helps transport decision-making. Deep learning classifier training …

Nowadays, the railway industry is in a position where it is able to exploit the opportunities
created by the IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things) and enabling communication technologies …

The operation of trains is substantially jeopardized by the presence of railway obstacles.
Recent research on vision-based railway obstacle detectors has emphasized using sizeable …

Railway shunting accidents, in which trains collide with obstacles, often occur because of
human error or fatigue. It is therefore necessary to detect traffic objects in front of the trains …

Railway intrusion seriously threatens railway safety and can cause enormous loss of life and
property. Therefore, railway intrusion detection is crucial for the safety of railway operation …

Massive internet of things (mIoT) could play an important role in the future smart high-speed
railway (HSR), where grant-free multiple access technologies are required. Recently …

The automated inspection and detection of foreign objects help prevent potential accidents
and train derailments. Most existing approaches focus on the detection with prior labels …

Railway level crossings (RLCs) are critical points characterized by a large number of
accidents per year due to the intersection of railway and roadway infrastructures. The …