Dysregulation of the immune response plays an important role in the progression of SARS-
CoV-2 infection. A “cytokine storm”, which is a phenomenon associated with uncontrolled …

Clinical knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanisms and COVID-19
pathophysiology have enormously increased during the pandemic. Nevertheless, because …

Background While the majority of COVID‐19 patients fully recover from the infection and
become asymptomatic, a significant proportion of COVID‐19 survivors experience a broad …

Background. SARS‐CoV‐2 is responsible for COVID‐19, a clinically heterogeneous
disease, ranging from being completely asymptomatic to life‐threating manifestations. An …

Inflammation plays a central role in immune response and macrophage activation. Emerging
studies demonstrate that along with proteins and genomic factors, noncoding RNA are …

The recent emergence of different SARS-CoV-2 variants creates an urgent need to develop
more effective therapeutic agents to prevent COVID-19 outbreaks. Among SARS-CoV-2 …

A correlation between COVID-19 and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been proposed recently.
Although the number of case reports on neuroinflammation in COVID-19 patients has …

Oral aphthous ulcers are common mucosal lesions that cause pain and discomfort. There
are diverse biomaterials and drug treatments for oral ulcers used in both research and …

Endotherms are easily challenged by chronic cold stress. In this study, the development and
injury of the small intestine in the Min pig model and Yorkshire pig model under chronic cold …

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and GABA-receptors (GABA-Rs) form a major
neurotransmitter system in the brain. GABA-Rs are also expressed by 1) cells of the innate …