Background The duplication of genes can occur through various mechanisms and is thought
to make a major contribution to the evolutionary diversification of organisms. There is …

Background Arthropod diversity is unparalleled in the animal kingdom. The study of
ontogeny is pivotal to understand which developmental processes underlie the incredible …

The so-called extra-embryonic tissues are important for embryonic development in many
animals, although they are not considered to be part of the germ band or the embryo proper …

Oribatid mites, also called beetle or moss mites, include more than 10,000 named species
representing 172 families worldwide. This book provides an identification key to the 96 …

The tomato russet mite, Aculops lycopersici, is among the smallest animals on earth. It is a
worldwide pest on tomato and can potently suppress the host's natural resistance. We …

One of the key morphogenetic processes used during development is the controlled
intercalation of cells between their neighbors. This process has been co-opted into a range …

Spiders are a diverse order of chelicerates that diverged from other arthropods over 500
million years ago. Research on spider embryogenesis, particularly studies using the …

In short-germ arthropods, posterior segments are added sequentially from a segment
addition zone (SAZ) during embryogenesis. Studies in spiders such as Parasteatoda …

Most arachnids are central-place foragers that return to retreats or burrows after excursions
to hunt. In general, arachnids are relatively large and accessible to behavioral and …

Whole-genome duplications (WGDs) have occurred multiple times during animal evolution,
including in lineages leading to vertebrates, teleosts, horseshoe crabs, and …