The striatum plays a central role in motor control and motor learning. Appropriate responses
to environmental stimuli, including pursuit of reward or avoidance of aversive experience all …

The striatum has been involved in complex behaviors such as motor control, learning,
decision-making, reward and aversion. The striatum is mainly composed of medium spiny …

The loss of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease induces a reduction in the
number of dendritic spines on medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the striatum expressing D1 …

The pharmacological modification of dopamine transmission has long been employed as a
therapeutic tool in the treatment of many mental health disorders. However, as many of the …

Missense variants in the SCN8A voltage-gated sodium channel gene are linked to early-
infantile epileptic encephalopathy type 13, also known as SCN8A-related epilepsy. These …

Pharmacological studies of emotional arousal and initiation of emotional states in rats
measured by their ultrasonic vocalizations are reviewed. It is postulated that emission of …

Hetero-oligomers of G-protein-coupled receptors have become the subject of intense
investigation, because their purported potential to manifest signaling and pharmacological …

Dopamine and its receptors are currently recognized targets for the treatment of several
neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, some drug use …

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a critical brain region involved in many reward-related
behaviors. The NAc comprises major compartments the core and the shell, which …

Dopamine (DA) is a key neurotransmitter modulating essential functions of the central
nervous system (CNS), like voluntary movement, reward, several cognitive functions and …