Abstract Organs-on-chips (OoCs), also known as microphysiological systems or 'tissue
chips'(the terms are synonymous), have attracted substantial interest in recent years owing …

The RASopathies are a group of disorders caused by a germline mutation in one of the
genes encoding a component of the RAS/MAPK pathway. These disorders, including …

Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are
frequently induced using 3D culture methodologies however, it is unknown whether …

A deletion or duplication in the 16p11. 2 region is associated with neurodevelopmental
disorders, including autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. In addition to clinical …

Background: Noonan syndrome (NS) is a multisystemic developmental disorder
characterized by common, clinically variable symptoms, such as typical facial …

Translational challenges associated with reductionist modeling approaches, as well as
ethical concerns and economic implications of small animal testing, drive the need for …

Researchers have now identified many highly penetrant genetic risk factors for autism
spectrum disorder (ASD). Some of these genes encode synaptic proteins, lending support to …

RAS gene mutations are frequently found in one third of human cancers. Affecting
approximately 1 in 1,000 newborns, germline and somatic gain-of-function mutations in the …

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold promise to revolutionize studies of intracellular
transport in live human neurons and to shed new light on the role of dysfunctional transport …

RASopathies caused by germline pathogenic variants in genes that encode RAS pathway
proteins. These disorders include neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), Noonan syndrome (NS) …