We map the pattern and extent of the European integration of core state powers (coercive
force, public finance and public administration) and analyse causes and consequences. We …

European Defence is in a new and formative phase in which the European Union's long list
of defence acronyms has steadily grown. One of the most noticeable new policy initiatives is …

The smooth adoption of the European Union (EU) defence procurement directive in 2009 is
puzzling, because member states had fiercely opposed legislation for the sensitive defence …

This article explores the paradox of constructive ambiguity. Based on a focused, longitudinal
comparison of the European Union's energy and defence policies, it analyses the role …

This book provides an empirical understanding of how EU-level defence industrial
cooperation functions in practice. Using the Liberal Intergovernmental theoretical model, the …

The Common Security and Defense Policy of the European Union has recently come to the
forefront as a potential force of integration. This study explores the consequences (if any) of …

Germany's state elites and general public have consistently preferred deepening integration
of defence procurement at the European Union (EU) level. However, the German …

The European Union (EU) and North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) are both
institutions through which European states can engage in European defence–industrial …

ABSTRACT The Lisbon Treaty recently celebrated its 10th anniversary. The 2009 legal text
was an attempt to enhance the unity, consistency and effectiveness of the EU's action in an …

Cooperation between EU member-states in the field of security and defence is increasingly
difficult to reconcile with the notion of intergovernmentalism. The decisions to establish the …