The microbiome shapes many host traits, yet the biology of microbiomes challenges
traditional evolutionary models. Here, we illustrate how integrating the microbiome into …

Microbiome breeding is a new artificial selection technique that seeks to change the genetic
composition of microbiomes in order to benefit plant or animal hosts. Recent experimental …

We develop a method to artificially select for rhizosphere microbiomes that confer salt
tolerance to the model grass Brachypodium distachyon grown under sodium salt stress or …

The microbiome contributes to many different host traits, but its role in host adaptation
remains enigmatic. The fitness benefits of the microbiome often depend on ecological …

Highlights•Arthropods transmit many vertebrate pathogens.•Arthropod microbiota influences
susceptibility to vertebrate pathogens.•Dysbiosis and individual members of the microbiota …

Adaptation of wild insects to an artificial laboratory environment goes hand in hand with
changes in their genetic diversity and symbiotic communities. This can have a profound …

Adaptation of replicate microbial communities frequently produces shared trajectories of
community composition and structure. However, divergent adaptation of individual …

Engineering new functions in the microbiome requires understanding how host genetic
control and microbe–microbe interactions shape the microbiome. One key genetic …

Wolbachia bacteria are maternally inherited symbionts that commonly infect terrestrial
arthropods. Many Wolbachia reach high frequencies in their hosts by manipulating their …

Acetobacter species are a major component of the gut microbiome of the fruit fly Drosophila
melanogaster, a widely used model organism. While a range of studies have illuminated …