Polyploidy has been hypothesized to be both an evolutionary dead-end and a source for
evolutionary innovation and species diversification. Although polyploid organisms …

Plant genomes are so highly diverse that a substantial proportion of genomic sequences are
not shared among individuals. The variable DNA sequences, along with the conserved core …

Salinity stress is a major threat to global food production and its intensity is continuously
increasing because of anthropogenic activities. Wheat is a staple food and a source of …

Allopolyploids result from hybridization between different evolutionary lineages coupled with
genome doubling. Homoeologous chromosomes (chromosomes with common shared …

DNA replication during cell proliferation is 'vertical'copying, which reproduces an initial
amount of genetic information. Polyploidy, which results from whole-genome duplication, is …

Hybridization and polyploidy have been considered as significant evolutionary forces in
adaptation and speciation, especially among plants. Interspecific gene flow generates novel …

Nucleolar dominance (ND) is selective epigenetic silencing of 35-48S rDNA loci. In
allopolyploids, it is frequently manifested at the cytogenetic level by the inactivation of …

Some interspecific plant hybrids show unequal transmission of chromosomes from parental
genomes to the successive generations. It has been suggested that this is due to a …

Raphanobrassica (R r R r C r C r, 2n= 4x= 36), which is generated by distant hybridization
between the maternal parent Raphanus sativus (R s R s, 2n= 2x= 18) and the paternal …

Simple Summary In plants, the occurrence of polyploid lineages, which are plants with
multiple instead of two sets of chromosomes, is quite common. Polyploids can originate as …