Hyperammonemia resulting from inherited urea cycle enzyme deficiencies or liver failure
results in severe central nervous system dysfunction including brain edema, convulsions …

Glutamine synthetase (GS) in brain is located mainly in astrocytes. One of the primary roles
of astrocytes is to protect neurons against excitotoxicity by taking up excess ammonia and …

Astrocytes assume multiple roles in maintaining an optimally suited milieu for neuronal
function. Select astrocytic functions include the maintenance of redox potential, the …

There is a dire need to discover new targets for Alzheimer's disease (AD) drug development.
Decreased neuronal glucose metabolism that occurs in AD brain could play a central role in …

Elevated levels of ammonia in blood and brain result in derangement of cerebral function.
Recently, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress have been implicated in ammonia …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder that displays
pathological characteristics including senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Metabolic …

Injection of large doses of ammonium salts lead to the rapid death of animals. However, the
molecular mechanisms involved in ammonia toxicity remain to be clarified. We have tested …

The common feature of urea cycle diseases (UCD) is a defect in ammonium elimination in
liver, leading to hyperammonemia. This excess of circulating ammonium eventually reaches …

Ammonia is a toxin that has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic
encephalopathy (HE), and the astrocyte appears to be the principal target of ammonia …

Acute ammonia intoxication diminishes the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increases
superoxide formation in brain. These effects could play a role in the mechanism of ammonia …