The discovery of the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription
(STAT) pathway arose from investigations of how cells respond to interferons (IFNs) …

Chronic antigen stimulation during viral infections and cancer can lead to T cell exhaustion,
which is characterized by reduced effector function and proliferation, and the expression of …

Naturally occurring CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), which specifically express the
transcription factor FoxP3 in the nucleus and CD25 and CTLA-4 on the cell surface, are a …

Cytokines are secreted or membrane-presented molecules that mediate broad cellular
functions, including development, differentiation, growth and survival. Accordingly, the …

The discovery of cytokines as key drivers of immune-mediated diseases has spurred efforts
to target their associated signalling pathways. Janus kinases (JAKs) are essential signalling …

Background Dupilumab is an IL-4 receptor α mAb inhibiting signaling of IL-4 and IL-13, key
drivers of type 2–driven inflammation, as demonstrated by its efficacy in patients with …

The mechanistic understanding of nascent RNAs in transcriptional control remains limited.
Here, by a high sensitivity method methylation-inscribed nascent transcripts sequencing …

Abstract Kinases of the Jak ('Janus kinase') family and transcription factors (TFs) of the STAT
('signal transducer and activator of transcription') family constitute a rapid membrane-to …

Two decades of clinical experience with immunomodulatory treatments for multiple sclerosis
point to distinct immunological pathways that drive disease relapses and progression. In …

Upon stimulation, small numbers of naive CD8+ T cells proliferate and differentiate into a
variety of memory and effector cell types. CD8+ T cells can persist for years and kill tumour …