Skyrmions are topologically stable quasiparticles that have been predicted and
demonstrated in quantum fields, solid-state physics and magnetic materials, but only …

Structured light refers to the arbitrarily tailoring of optical fields in all their degrees of freedom
(DoFs), from spatial to temporal. Although orbital angular momentum (OAM) is perhaps the …

Light at optical frequencies interacting with a metal surface can excite interband quantum
transitions, or intraband currents at frequencies approaching the PHz range. Momentum …

Spin angular momenta play important roles in light–matter interactions, leading to the
emergence of the spin Hall effect and topological quasiparticles in modern optics. The …

We report a transient plasmonic spin skyrmion topological quasiparticle within surface
plasmon polariton vortices, which is described by analytical modeling and imaging of its …

Topological wave structures—phase vortices, skyrmions, merons, etc.—are attracting
enormous attention in a variety of quantum and classical wave fields. Surprisingly, these …

In the past decade, optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) has entered the field of
plasmonics in the form of surface-confined vortices, generating vast interest. Here we give …

Spin and field textures define the topology of the electric and magnetic fields in vacuum.
These textures can be imposed on matter by light–matter interactions on the nanometer …

Photonic spin skyrmions with deep‐subwavelength features have aroused considerable
interest in recent years. However, the manipulation of spin structure in the skyrmions in a …

Spatial modulation of electron beams is an essential tool for various applications such as
nanolithography and imaging, yet its conventional implementations are severely limited and …