Bee–fungus associations are common, and while most studies focus on entomopathogens,
emerging evidence suggests that bees associate with a variety of symbiotic fungi that can …

Floral nectar is prone to colonization by nectar-adapted yeasts and bacteria via air-, rain-,
and animal-mediated dispersal. Upon colonization, microbes can modify nectar chemical …

Bumblebees (Bombus) are charismatic and important pollinators. They are one of the best-
studied insect groups, especially in terms of ecology, behavior, and social structure. As …

Highlights•Floral nectar and honeydew are important nutrient sources for insects.•Nectar
and honeydew microbes have a great potential in sustainable agriculture.•Microbial volatiles …

Beyond its role as a reward for pollinators, floral nectar also provides a habitat for
specialized and opportunistic yeasts and bacteria. These microbes modify nectar chemistry …

The presence of yeasts in pollen and floral nectar is rather the norm than the exception. Due
to the metabolic activities of yeasts, sugar and amino acid composition of nectar often …

Animals such as bumblebees use chemosensory cues to both locate and evaluate essential
resources. Increasingly, it is recognized that microbes can alter the quality of foraged …

While bee–angiosperm mutualisms are widely recognized as foundational partnerships that
have shaped the diversity and structure of terrestrial ecosystems, these ancient mutualisms …

In the current need of optimizing agricultural production, endophytic fungi are increasingly
seen as part of the solution. Trichoderma, subject of this review, colonizes the most external …

Following the concept of the holobiont, insect-microbiota interactions play an important role
in insect biology. Many examples of host-associated microorganisms have been reported to …