Centrosomes are the primary microtubule organizer in eukaryotic cells. In addition to
shaping the intracellular microtubule network and the mitotic spindle, centrosomes are …

The process of aging refers to physiological changes that occur to an organism as time
progresses and involves changes to DNA, proteins, metabolism, cells, and organs. Like the …

Heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are a major cause of inherited
disease and contribute to common late-onset human disorders. The late onset and clinical …

Cell size is tightly controlled in healthy tissues and single-celled organisms, but it remains
unclear how cell size influences physiology. Increasing cell size was recently shown to …

Highly potent animal stem cells either self renew or launch complex differentiation programs,
using mechanisms that are only partly understood. Drosophila female germline stem cells …

Cell division involves separating the genetic material and cytoplasm of a mother cell into two
daughter cells. The last step of cell division, abscission, consists of cutting the cytoplasmic …

During fetal oocyte development in mammals, germ cells progress through meiotic prophase
I to form primordial follicles with pregranulosa cells. The primordial follicles remain dormant …

Gametes in many species develop in cysts—clusters of germ cells formed by incomplete
cytokinesis—that remain connected through intercellular bridges (ICBs). These connections …

Germ cells are the only cells in the body capable of giving rise to a new organism, and this
totipotency hinges on their ability to assemble membraneless germ granules. These …

The ovarian reserve defines female reproductive lifespan, which in humans spans decades.
The ovarian reserve consists of oocytes residing in primordial follicles arrested in meiotic …