It has been 50 years since Francis Fontan pioneered the operation that today bears his
name. Initially designed for patients with tricuspid atresia, this procedure is now offered for a …

The Fontan operation was first performed in 1968. Since then, this operation has been
performed on thousands of patients worldwide. Results vary from very good for many …

The management of congenital heart disease has changed dramatically over the last 15
years and continues to evolve at a rapid pace. More than ever before contemporary practice …

Background—The Fontan procedure has improved survival in children with functionally
univentricular hearts. With time, however, complications such as reduced exercise capacity …

The Fontan operation is the anticipated palliative strategy for children born with single-
ventricle type of congenital heart disease. As a result of important circulatory limitations, a …

Background—Children and young adults with single-ventricle physiology have abnormal
exercise capacity after the Fontan operation. A medication capable of decreasing pulmonary …

A normal mammalian cardiovascular system consists of a double circuit, pulmonary and
systemic, connected in series and powered by a double pump. In the absence of congenital …

Background: The Fontan operation creates a total cavopulmonary connection, a circulation
in which the importance of pulmonary vascular resistance is magnified. Over time, this …

Objective The Fontan operation is a staged palliation for complex congenital heart disease
and single ventricle physiology. Perioperative survivors of the Fontan operation experience …

The Fontan palliation was introduced in 1968 to treat cardiac malformations unsuitable for
biventricular repair. This procedure has transformed the surgical management of congenital …