Background Smoking bans have been implemented in a variety of settings, as well as being
part of policy in many jurisdictions to protect the public and employees from the harmful …

Smoking is the leading preventable disease worldwide and passive smoking is estimated to
be the cause of about 1.0% of worldwide mortality. The determination of tobacco smoke …

Cadmium is a naturally-occurring element, and humans are exposed from cigarettes, food,
and industrial sources. Following exposure, cadmium accumulates in the kidney and is …

Diagnostic tests are approaches used in clinical practice to identify with high accuracy the
disease of a particular patient and thus to provide early and proper treatment. Reporting …

Most countries have acknowledged the importance of assessing and quantifying their
population's internal exposure from chemicals in air, water, soil, food and other consumer …

Background Passive exposure to the aerosols of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has
been little studied. We assessed this exposure in late pregnancy in a woman and her 3-year …

Background: The NEDD8 conjugation pathway modulates the ubiquitination and activity of a
wide range of intracellular proteins, and its blockade by pevonedistat is emerging as a …

Background Cadmium (Cd) risk assessment presently relies on tubular proteinuria as a
critical effect and urinary Cd (U-Cd) as an index of the Cd body burden. Based on this …

Background The interaction of cadmium with genes involved in oxidative stress, cadmium
metabolism and transport pathways on albuminuria can provide biological insight on the …

Background As smoking prevalence has decreased in Canada, particularly during
pregnancy and around children, and technological improvements have lowered detection …