Our understanding of how low oxygen (O2) conditions arise in plant tissues and how they
shape specific responses has seen major advancement in recent years. Important drivers …

Astrocytes control brain activity via both metabolic processes and gliotransmission, but the
physiological links between these functions are scantly known. Here we show that …

Cellular function is controlled through intricate networks of signals, which lead to the myriad
pathways governing cell fate. Fluorescent biosensors have enabled the study of these …

Consciousness is lost within seconds upon cessation of cerebral blood flow. The brain
cannot store oxygen, and interruption of oxidative phosphorylation is fatal within minutes …

l-Lactate is a monocarboxylate produced during the process of cellular glycolysis and has
long generally been considered a waste product. However, studies in recent decades have …

Potassium ion (K+) is the most abundant metal ion in cells and plays an indispensable role
in practically all biological systems. Although there have been reports of both synthetic and …

Lactate plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and greatly impacts protein activities,
exerting diverse physiological and pathological effects. Therefore, convenient lactate assays …

The development of new or improved single fluorescent protein (FP)-based biosensors
(SFPBs), particularly those with excitation and emission at near-infrared wavelengths, is …

Highlights•Boom of genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors to illuminate anions in
biology.•Approaches to design and engineer anion biosensors.•Biosensors for chloride …

The development of stimulus-responsive and amplification-based strategies is crucial for
achieving improved spatial specificity and enhanced sensitivity in tumor molecular imaging …