As terrestrial leaf litter decomposes in rivers, its constituent elements follow multiple
pathways. Carbon leached as dissolved organic matter can be quickly taken up by …

In the last two decades, the widespread application of genetic and genomic approaches has
revealed a bacterial world astonishing in its ubiquity and diversity. This review examines …

The high prevalence and significance of multispecies biofilms have now been demonstrated
in various bacterial habitats with medical, industrial, and ecological relevance. It is highly …

Biofilms, the complex communities of microbiota that live in association with aquatic
interfaces, are considered to be hotspots of microbial life in many aquatic ecosystems …

There is an increasing need for application of biofilm process in the upcycling of wastewater
treatment plants all around the world in recent years, yet there are few literatures on …

Ciliates are considered the most harmful parasites of fish, causing mass mortalities and thus
substantial economic losses to the aquaculture and ornamental fish industries. To better …

Highlights•Relevance of existing ecological concepts on predation for the microscale
unclear.•Micro-predators of bacteria (protists, predatory bacteria, phages) differ in prey …

Azo dyes in textile industry effluent are one of the major toxic contaminants causing a severe
threat to life. Bioremediation is the most cost-effective and environmentally beneficial …

Biofilm formation has been shown to confer protection against grazing, but little information
is available on the effect of grazing on biofilm formation and protection in multispecies …

Predation influences prey diversity and productivity while it effectuates the flux and
reallocation of organic nutrients into biomass at higher trophic levels. However, it is …