Influenza viruses are responsible for millions of cases globally and significantly threaten
public health. Since pandemic and zoonotic influenza viruses have emerged in the last 20 …

Antibody immunodominance refers to the preferential and asymmetric elicitation of
antibodies against specific epitopes on a complex protein antigen. Traditional vaccination …

Seasonal influenza viruses constantly change through antigenic drift and the emergence of
pandemic influenza viruses through antigenic shift is unpredictable. Conventional influenza …

Combined vaccine formulations targeting not only hemagglutinin but also other influenza
virus antigens could form the basis for a universal influenza virus vaccine that has the …

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines represent a new, effective vaccine platform with high
capacity for rapid development. Generation of a universal influenza virus vaccine with the …

Zoonotic viruses continually pose a pandemic threat. Infection of humans with viruses for
which we typically have little or no prior immunity can result in epidemics with high morbidity …

Increasing preclinical and clinical results have demonstrated that mRNA vaccines efficiently
prevent infectious diseases and are safe in animal models and humans. In this study, we …

Improved broad-spectrum influenza virus vaccines are desperately needed to provide
protection against both drifted seasonal and emerging pandemic influenza A viruses (IAVs) …

Introduction: The licensed seasonal influenza vaccines predominantly induce neutralizing
antibodies against immunodominant hypervariable epitopes of viral surface proteins, with …

Conventional influenza vaccines fail to confer broad protection against diverse influenza A
viruses with pandemic potential. Efforts to develop a universal influenza virus vaccine …