Osteoporosis affects about 200 million people worldwide and is a silent disease until a
fracture occurs. Management of osteoporosis is still a challenge that warrants further studies …

Lactose intolerance refers to symptoms related to the consumption of lactose-containing
dairy foods, which are the most common source for this disaccharide. While four causes are …

Long-term exposure to a diabetic environment leads to changes in bone metabolism and
impaired bone micro-architecture through a variety of mechanisms on molecular and …

Recent evidence demonstrates that tobacco smoking causes an imbalance in bone
turnover, leading to lower bone mass and making bone vulnerable to osteoporosis and …

MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that can bind to the target sites in the 3'‐untranslated
region of messenger RNA to regulate posttranscriptional gene expression. Increasing …

Osteoporosis is a major public health concern affecting millions of people worldwide and
resulting in significant economic costs. The condition is characterized by changes in bone …

Obesity is one of the most serious worldwide epidemics of the twenty-first century according
to the World Health Organization. Frequently associated with a number of comorbidities …

Osteoporosis, the most common chronic metabolic bone disease, is characterized by low
bone mass and increased bone fragility. Nowadays more than 200 million individuals are …

Cigarette smoking (CS) leads to significant bone loss, which is recognized as an
independent risk factor for osteoporosis. The number of smokers is continuously increasing …

In a healthy body, homeostatic actions of osteoclasts and osteoblasts maintain the integrity
of the skeletal system. When cellular activities of osteoclasts and osteoblasts become …