Background: A global problem of multi-drug resistance (MDR) among bacteria is the cause
of hundreds of thousands of deaths every year. In response to the significant increase of …

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen affecting
humans and a major source for hospital infections associated with high morbidity and …

Simple Summary This revision is about the problem of Escherichia coli as a commensal and
pathogenic bacterium among food-producing animals and health implications. Escherichia …

Antibiotic resistance is a problem of deep scientific concern both in hospital and community
settings. Rapid detection in clinical laboratories is essential for the judicious recognition of …

The β‐lactams—a large class of diverse compounds—due to their excellent safety profile
and broad antimicrobial spectrum are considered to be the most widely used therapeutic …

Background The global emergence and spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases
(ESBLs) producing Enterobacteriaceae have been threatening the ability to treat an …

CTX-M β-lactamases are considered a paradigm in the evolution of a resistance
mechanism. Incorporation of different chromosomal bla CTX-M related genes from different …

Plasmid-acquired carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae, which were first discovered in
Europe in the 1990s, are now increasingly being identified at an alarming rate. Although …

In this review an overview is given on antibiotic resistance (AR) mechanisms with special
attentions to the AR genes described so far preceded by a short introduction on the …

The possible zoonotic spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria is controversial. This review
discusses global molecular epidemiological data combining both analyses of the …