Age is associated with increased risk for several disorders including dementias,
cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, obesity, and diabetes. Age is also associated with …

It appears that electronic cigarettes (EC) are a less harmful alternative to conventional
cigarette (CC) smoking, as they generate substantially lower levels of harmful carcinogens …

The rising incidence of postoperative depression (POD) in recent years has placed a heavy
burden on patients' physical and mental health. At this point in time, however, POD …

Recent studies examining the neurobiology of substance abuse have revealed a significant
role of neuroimmune signaling as a mechanism through which drugs of abuse induce …

Survivors of sepsis often develop long-term cognitive impairments. This review aimed at
exploring the results of the behavioral tools and tests which have been used to evaluate …

Cognitive impairment is a serious mental deficit caused by stroke that can severely affect the
quality of a survivor's life. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a well …

During peripheral infection, excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the aged
brain from primed microglia induces exaggerated behavioral pathologies. While the pro …

Background Peripheral inflammation contributes to the neurological alterations in hepatic
encephalopathy (HE). Neuroinflammation and altered GABAergic neurotransmission …

Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.(AOM) is a medicinal herb for improving cognitive functions in
traditional Chinese medicine for poststroke treatment, but its efficacies and underlying …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major incurable global health burden
and currently the 3rd largest cause of death in the world, with approximately 3.23 million …