For complex diseases, most drugs are highly ineffective, and the success rate of drug
discovery is in constant decline. While low quality, reproducibility issues, and translational …

The endothelium, a cellular monolayer lining the blood vessel wall, plays a critical role in
maintaining multiorgan health and homeostasis. Endothelial functions in health include …

Diabetic kidney disease is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide; in the USA, it
accounts for over 50% of individuals entering dialysis or transplant programmes. Unlike …

The review presents modern views about the role of oxidative stress reactions in the
pathogenesis of types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus and their complications based on the …

Diabetes mellitus predisposes affected individuals to a significant spectrum of
cardiovascular complications, one of the most debilitating in terms of prognosis is heart …

Chronic or intermittent hyperglycemia is associated with the development of diabetic
complications. Several signaling pathways can be altered by having hyperglycemia in …

For a number of years, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases
(NOX) was synonymous with NOX2/gp91phox and was considered to be a peculiarity of …

Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome, the incidence and prevalence of which is
increased in diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, and obesity. Although this may arise from …

Simple Summary The progressive nature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to micro-
and macro-vascular complications, including renal and cardiovascular disease. These …

Oxidative stress has been defined as an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants and
more recently as a disruption of redox signaling and control. It is generally accepted that …