Intrarenal autoregulatory mechanisms maintain renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular
filtration rate (GFR) independent of renal perfusion pressure (RPP) over a defined range (80 …

Outcomes for heart failure (HF) patients remain suboptimal. No known therapy improves
mortality in acute HF and HF with preserved ejection fraction; the most recent HF trial results …

In the kidney nitric oxide (NO) has numerous important functions including the regulation of
renal haemodynamics, maintenance of medullary perfusion, mediation of pressure …

Phagocytes generate superoxide anion (O2−) by a classic, 5-component NADPH oxidase.
O2− contributes to hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Therefore, we …

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in various physiological processes in the kidney. In
vivo experiments first suggested that the natriuretic and diuretic effects caused by NO may …

Perfusion of the renal medulla plays an important role in salt and water balance. Pericytes
are smooth muscle-like cells that impart contractile function to descending vasa recta (DVR) …

The diuretic response to loop diuretics in various disease states has consistently been found
to be subnormal. One of the key determinants of the degree of diuretic response is the …

The kidney is a remarkable organ that accomplishes the challenge of removing waste from
the body and simultaneously regulating electrolyte and water balance. Pro-urine flows …

Ion channels, exchangers and transporters are known to be involved in cell volume
regulation. A disturbance in one or more of these systems may result in loss of ion …

L-Arginine is the substrate for vascular nitric oxide (NO) formation. Under normal
physiological conditions, intracellular L-arginine levels far exceed the Km of NO synthase for …