Apart from having been used and misused for at least four millennia for, among others,
recreational and medicinal purposes, the cannabis plant and its most peculiar chemical …

The endocannabinoid (eCB) system has emerged as a central integrator linking the
perception of external and internal stimuli to distinct neurophysiological and behavioural …

Pathological fear and anxiety are highly debilitating and, despite considerable advances in
psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy they remain insufficiently treated in many patients with …

The last 10 years have witnessed a surge of interest for the mechanisms underlying the
acquisition and extinction of classically conditioned fear responses. In part, this results from …

The discovery of cannabinoid receptors and subsequent identification of their endogenous
ligands (endocannabinoids) in early 1990s have greatly accelerated research on …

Exposure to stress is an undeniable, but in most cases surmountable, part of life. However,
in certain individuals, exposure to severe or cumulative stressors can lead to an array of …

Excessive fear and anxiety are hallmarks of a variety of disabling anxiety disorders that
affect millions of people throughout the world. Hence, a greater understanding of the brain …

Background Posttraumatic stress disorder, an area of large unmet medical needs, is
characterized by persistence of fear memories and maladaptive stress responses. In …

Over the course of natural history, countless animal species have evolved adaptive
behavioral systems to cope with dangerous situations and promote survival. Emotional …

As our understanding of the endocannabinoids improves, so does the awareness of their
complexity. During pathological states, the levels of these mediators in tissues change, and …