Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that
infects patients with cystic fibrosis, burn wounds, immunodeficiency, chronic obstructive …

Quorum sensing (QS) is a communication mechanism between bacteria that allows specific
processes to be controlled, such as biofilm formation, virulence factor expression, production …

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are present both outside of the cells and in the
interior of microbial aggregates, and account for a main component in microbial aggregates …

Gram-negative cell walls are strong enough to withstand 3 atm of turgor pressure (40), tough
enough to endure extreme temperatures and pHs (eg, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans grows at a …

SUMMARY Type IV pili (T4P) are multifunctional protein fibers produced on the surfaces of a
wide variety of bacteria and archaea. The major subunit of T4P is the type IV pilin, and …

▪ Abstract Bacteria produce and secrete lipases, which can catalyze both the hydrolysis and
the synthesis of long-chain acylglycerols. These reactions usually proceed with high …

Biofilms are surface-attached multicellular communities. Using single-cell tracking
microscopy, we showed that a pilY1 mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is defective in …

Extracellular secretion of proteins is regarded as a major virulence mechanism in bacterial
infection. Proteins destined for the extracellular environment of gram-negative bacteria have …

Homologues of the protein constituents of the Klebsiella pneumoniae (Klebsiella oxytoca)
type II secreton (T2S), the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type IV pilus/fimbrium biogenesis …

The type II secretion pathway or the main terminal branch of the general secretion pathway,
as it has also been referred to, is widely distributed among Proteobacteria, in which it is …