Molecular motors are diverse enzymes that transduce chemical energy into mechanical
work and, in doing so, perform critical cellular functions such as DNA replication and …

When replication forks encounter template lesions, one result is lesion skipping, where the
stalled DNA polymerase transiently stalls, disengages, and then reinitiates downstream to …

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has made significant contributions to the study of protein-
DNA interactions by making it possible to topographically image biological samples. A …

The hydrothermal vent tubeworm Riftia pachyptila hosts a single 16S rRNA phylotype of
intracellular sulfur-oxidizing symbionts, which vary considerably in cell morphology and …

APOBEC3G (A3G) restricts HIV-1 infection by catalyzing processive C→ U deaminations on
single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) with marked 3′→ 5′ deamination polarity. Here we show …

Protein is an important component of human tissues and cells, which is closely related to
various life activities. Therefore, studying the conformation of proteins can not only provide …

The adaptive immunity of bacteria against foreign nucleic acids, mediated by CRISPR
(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats), relies on the specific …

Hypermutation and class switch recombination of immunoglobulin genes are antigen-
activated mechanisms triggered by AID, a cytidine deaminase. AID deaminates cytidine …

Atomic force spectroscopy has become a widely used technique for investigating forces,
energies, and dynamics of biomolecular interactions. These studies provide dissociation …

The Escherichia coli RdgC protein is a potential negative regulator of RecA function. RdgC
inhibits RecA protein-promoted DNA strand exchange, ATPase activity, and RecA …