Proton channels exist in a wide variety of membrane proteins where they transport protons
rapidly and efficiently. Usually the proton pathway is formed mainly by water molecules …

Highlights•Nanofabrication is capable of patterning devices at the same length-scales as
cellular components (ie 10 s of nanometers).•Nanoscale devices can be used to measure …

Hair cells in mouse cochlear cultures are selectively labeled by brief exposure to FM1-43, a
styryl dye used to study endocytosis and exocytosis. Real-time confocal microscopy …

The tight-seal whole-cell recording method, often abbreviated as “whole-cell
recording”(WCR), allows one to record from cells and modify their internal environment by …

Calcium dynamics associated with a single action potential were studied quantitatively in the
calyx of Held, a large presynaptic terminal in the rat brainstem. Terminals were loaded with …

Calcium-dependent inactivation of NMDA channels was examined on cultured rat
hippocampal neurons using whole-cell voltage-clamp and cell-attached single-channel …

1. Measurements of membrane capacitance and intracellular Ca2+ concentration,[Ca2+] i,
were used to examine the Ca2+ dependence of secretion in single adrenal chromaffin cells …

Na/K pump current was determined between-140 and+ 60 mV as steady-state,
strophanthidin-sensitive, whole-cell current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes, voltage …

Mechanoelectrical transducer currents in turtle auditory hair cells adapt to maintained stimuli
via a Ca2+-dependent mechanism that is sensitive to the level of internal calcium buffer. We …

It is well-known that micromolar to millimolar concentrations of cardiac glycosides inhibit
Na/K pump activity, however, some early reports suggested nanomolar concentrations of …