This comprehensive study reviews the latest and most popular artificial intelligence (AI)
techniques utilised for estimating pan evaporation (Ep), an essential parameter for water …

Hybrid metaheuristic algorithm (MA), an advanced tool in the artificial intelligence field,
provides precise reference evapotranspiration (ETo) prediction that is highly important for …

Exact estimation of evaporation rates is very important in a proper planning and efficient
operation of water resources projects and agricultural activities. Evaporation is affected by …

The reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) is one of the major components of the
hydrological cycle, and its prediction is of great importance in agricultural operations …

The potential of four different neuro-fuzzy embedded meta-heuristic algorithms, particle
swarm optimization, genetic algorithm, harmony search, and teaching–learning-based …

The importance of evaporation estimation in water resources and agricultural studies is
undeniable. Evaporation pans (EP) are used as an indicator to determine the evaporation of …

The study aims to reveal which mother wavelet type performs best in evaporation prediction.
This study used a hybrid algorithm that combined K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Extreme …

Precise estimation of pan evaporation is necessary to manage available water resources. In
this study, the capability of three hybridized models for modeling monthly pan evaporation …

Forecasting evaporation, an important variable in the hydrological cycle, is crucial for
managing water resources and taking precautions against severe phenomena, such as …

Sustainable development is a new way to achieve human aspirations while preserving
scarce resources and making opportunities for the future. Water resource management is an …