Ethnic minority groups across the world face a complex set of adverse social and
psychological challenges linked to their minority status, often involving racial discrimination …

Exercise is known to have beneficial effects on cognition, mood, and the brain. However,
exercise also activates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and increases levels of the …

Despite being considered primarily a mood disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD) is
characterized by cognitive and decision making deficits. Recent research has employed …

Initiating drug use during adolescence increases the risk of developing addiction or other
psychopathologies later in life, with long-term outcomes varying according to sex and exact …

Postnatal brain development is studded with sensitive periods during which experience
dependent plasticity is enhanced. This enables rapid learning from environmental inputs …

Rationale Adolescence is a developmental period of complex neurobiological change and
heightened vulnerability to psychiatric illness. As a result, understanding factors such as sex …

Developmental differences in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis responsiveness to
stressors and ongoing development of glucocorticoid-sensitive brain regions in adolescence …

The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative provides a strategy for classifying
psychopathology based on behavioral dimensions and neurobiological measures …

Psychiatric disorders including major depression are twice as prevalent in women compared
to men. This sex difference in prevalence only emerges after the onset of puberty …

Rationale Most substance use is initiated during adolescence when substantial
development of relevant brain circuitry is still rapidly maturing. Developmental differences in …