In brief The syndrome of preterm labor comprises multiple established and novel etiologies.
This review summarizes the distinct immune mechanisms implicated in preterm labor and …

The human microbiome is overly exposed to antibiotics, due, not only to their medical use,
but also to their utilization in farm animals and crops. Microbiome composition can be rapidly …

Preterm babies are prone to serious illness or death during the neonatal period. Without
appropriate treatment, those who survive are at increased risk of lifelong disability and poor …

Background Preterm prelabour rupture of the fetal membranes (PPROM) precedes 30% of
preterm births and is a risk factor for early onset neonatal sepsis. As PPROM is strongly …

In the 21st century, urbanization represents a major demographic shift in developed and
developing countries. Rapid urbanization in the developing world has been associated with …

Objective: The objectives of this study were to:(1) determine the amniotic fluid (AF)
microbiology of patients with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM); and (2) …

Despite substantial progress in prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal (GBS) disease
since the 1990s, GBS remains the leading cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis in the …

Chorioamnionitis is a common complication of pregnancy associated with significant
maternal, perinatal, and long-term adverse outcomes. Adverse maternal outcomes include …

Interaction with colonizing intestinal bacteria is essential for healthy intestinal and
immunological development in infancy. Advances in understanding early host–microbe …

Although individual behaviors have not been proven to have a strong influence on the risk of
preterm birth, consistent evidence suggests that a constellation of favorable lifestyle factors …